Studia Antiqua et Archaeologica 28(2): 386-396 Ionuţ ACRUDOAE ABSTRACT This study focuses on the brief history of a mixed auxiliary unit within the Roman army: cohors I Pannoniorum et Delmatarum. Founded in the late first century AD, it had a short lifespan of around a century, and the prosopography of the soldiers within this unit mentioned only four persons. The cohort disappeared entirely from the sources after the year 197, in the civil war during the reign of Septimius Severus. REZUMAT Acest studiu se va axa pe scurta istorie a unei unităţi auxiliare mixte a armatei romane: cohors I Pannoniorum et Delmatarum. Constituită la finele secolului I p.Chr., a avut o viaţă scurtă, de aproximativ un secol, iar prosopografia militarilor din această unitate a surprins doar patru persoane. Cohorta a dispărut definitiv din surse după anul 197, în războiul civil din vremea lui Septimius Severus. KEYWORDS mixed auxiliary cohort; Pannonians;(…)

Studia Antiqua et Archaeologica 28(2): 354-384 Helena LÓPEZ GÓMEZ ABSTRACT Despite the importance they had in their time, many of the women of the Roman imperial families share a bad image that continues to this day. The pejorative description, present in the accounts of ancient historians, has made these female characters largely unintelligible and it is practically impossible to reach an objective conclusion about their true role in history. The present article aims to offer an analysis of the images of the last empresses of the Julio-Claudian dynasty. We will focus on the wives of Caligula, Claudius and Nero by analyzing the literary evidence we possess about them in order to try to reach a conclusion free of the powerful misogynistic impressions about them that have been provided in the past. To this end, we have taken into account not only the life trajectories of the empresses, but also those(…)

Studia Antiqua et Archaeologica 28(2): 346-352 Maxim M. Kholod ABSTRACT The present paper evaluates from the point of view of historical credibility two passages, that of Plutarch (Adv. Colot., 32.1126d) and that of Flavius Philostratus (Vitae soph., 485–486), where respectively Delius and Dias appear. The first of the persons, as is claimed, especially influenced Alexander the Great and the second did Philip II in the matter of the war against Persia. The author argues that in contrast to Philostratus’ report, Plutarch’s account can well be accepted (albeit not without reservations) as credible. REZUMAT Acest studiu evaluează, dintr-un punct de vedere istoric, credibilitatea a două pasaje literare: cel al lui Plutarh (Adv. Colot., 32.1126d) și cel al lui Flavius Philostratus (Vitae soph., 485–486). Mai exact, este vorba despre cele în care apar numele lui Delius și Dias. Primul dintre cei doi ar fi fost o influență importantă asupra lui Alexandru cel(…)

Studia Antiqua et Archaeologica 28(2): 330-345 Larisa PECHATNOVA ABSTRACT This article is a historical commentary on Herodotus’ account of the funerals of the Spartan kings. It is an attempt on the author’s part to explain why for centuries the royal funerary ritual continued unchanged despite its being too lavish for ascetic Sparta. The study focuses on the socio-economic composition of the funeral attendees. In the author’s opinion, the participation of representatives of the lower classes – the helots and perioikoi – in the ceremony facilitated the evolvement of elites from both categories of the Spartan subordinate population. The funeral ceremony performed an important ideological and propaganda function serving as a unifying factor for all the social classes and indoctrinating the masses with the belief in the eternal and immutable nature of the royal authority and, by extension, of the Spartan state. REZUMAT Articolul de față reprezintă un comentariu asupra informațiilor(…)

Studia Antiqua et Archaeologica 28(2): 296-318 Casandra BRAȘOVEANU ABSTRACT During Late Bronze Age, the evolutions of previous archaeological cultures (from the Middle Bronze Age) are continued and completed, but there are also two important cultural complexes emerging, namely: Noua-Sabatinovka-Coslogeni and Zimnicea-Plovdiv. The subject of interest in the present study is represented by Noua culture, attested in a vast area, from the middle and upper Dniester, to the east of Apuseni Mountains and from the Subcarpathian region of Ukraine to the south of the forest-steppe area between Siret and Prut Rivers. Although, over time, the specific communities of this cultural manifestation have been investigated in numerous specialized studies, the interdisciplinary methods used in recent years can offer new information that contribute to the obtaining of a much clearer picture regarding the behavior of the human groups in question. In this sense, in the present paper, special attention was paid to the(…)

Studia Antiqua et Archaeologica 28(2): 282-294  Radu-Ștefan BALAUR ABSTRACT The archaeological research carried out in the Dâmbul Morii settlement led to the identification of  362 fragments of Cucuteni C type ceramic, either in the inventory of the dwellings or outside them. In the present study, we will discuss, based on these fragments, the manufacturing technology, the shapes and the decoration. Technologically, Cucuteni C type pottery was made from an inhomogeneous, coarse paste, which used crushed shells or crushed snails in the paste, mixed with large-grained sand, and less often crushed shards, pebbles or plant remains. In the Cucuteni A-B phase, there are also documented cases in which the pottery was made of a finer paste, without the crushed shell, of a reddish-brick color, with a mixture of sand, documented by the discoveries from Traian – Dealul Fântanilor. REZUMAT Cercetările arheologice desfășurate la Dâmbul Morii au dus la identificarea unui număr(…)

Studia Antiqua et Archaeologica 28(2): 266-281 Felix-Adrian TENCARIU, Maria-Cristina CIOBANU, Andrei ASĂNDULESEI, George BODI, Bogdan-Ștefan NOVAC ABSTRACT As a result of the magnetic survey on an area of ​​more than five hectares, located south-west of Cetățuie, we are currently aware of an extension of the Cucutenian habitation, consisting of numerous burned and unburned structures, pits and two defensive ditches in the form of circular arcs. The magnetic map allowed, beginning with the 2017 campaign, the placement of smaller (test trenches) or larger excavation units for the verification of various types of anomalies (burnt houses, defence ditch, pits). In the last (2022) campaign, in addition to investigating a defensive ditch and a dwelling, it was decided to excavate also an anomaly initially considered a pit. The surprise was the identification of a pottery kiln, belonging to phase B of the Cucuteni culture, located in the immediate vicinity of the last defensive(…)